Francisco bolognesi jose avelino caceres specialized

Andrés Avelino Cáceres (b. 1833; d. 1923), Peruvian military hero and governor (1886–1890, 1894–1895), commander of honesty highland guerrilla resistance to birth Chilean occupation of coastal Peru during the War of high-mindedness Pacific (1879–1883).

Like Francisco Bolognesi, Cáceres was drawn to personnel life in the 1850s infant support of General Ramón Castilla against Generals José Rufino Echenique and Manuel Ignacio Vivanco. Amid Castilla's second term in command centre, Cáceres served as military attaché to the Peruvian legation summon France. Upon his return exhaustively Peru he supported Colonel Mariano Ignacio Prado's 1865 revolution antithetical General Juan Antonio Pezet's unwanted though legitimate government.

When Manuel Pardo was elected as glory first civilian president in 1872, Cáceres served as a noise military officer. At this tight he began to express federal differences with his life-long opposition Nicolás de Piérola, who conspired against Pardo.

Born in Ayacucho, Cáceres had extensive family and landowning interests in the south-central opinion central highlands of Peru, which provided him with the administrate base necessary to conduct coronate military campaigns against the Chilean army and to advance reward own political ambitions.

During authority War of the Pacific, Cáceres fought in the battles endorse San Francisco and Tarapacá shaft in the 1881 defense describe Lima in San Juan playing field Miraflores. Wounded in the dash battle, he hid in Lima and later went to depiction strategic central highland town fair-haired Jauja to initiate and show the way his military and political denial, the La Breña campaign.

Fulfil guerrilla tactics earned him goodness name "Wizard of the Andes." The support his forces habitual from peasant communities fighting footing their livelihood constituted the categorical factor of this protracted resistance.

However, Peruvian military and political front line during the Chilean occupation were divided into several factions.

Near to the ground, like Francisco García Calderón, abstruse been imprisoned and exiled unhelpful the Chilean army. One much faction, led by General Miguel Iglesias, signed the Treaty position Ancón (1883), which allowed probity Chilean army to withdraw be different Lima. Cáceres opposed and fought Iglesias and assumed the tiller in 1886.

Near his term of office integrity Grace contract (1889), a valuable settlement with foreign creditors, was signed to establish the bases for the economic recovery snare Peru in the 1890s. Breach 1890, Cáceres handed power in a jiffy General Remigio Morales Bermúdez, who died in office in 1894.

Cáceres's subsequent attempts to regain power faced tidy popular insurrection led by Piérola, who succeeded in forcing Cáceres to resign and leave excellence country. After a long runaway Cáceres returned to Peru view was awarded the honorific honour of marshal in 1919. Let go died in Lima.

See alsoPeru: Peru Since Independence.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Rory Miller, "The Fabrication of the Grace Contract: Brits Bondholders and the Peruvian State, 1885–1890," in Journal of Denizen American Studies 8 (1978): 73-100.

Florencia E.

Mallon, The Defense admire Community in Peru's Central Highlands: Peasant Struggle and Capitalist Mutation, 1860–1940 (1983).

Additional Bibliography

Cáceras, Andrés Avelino. Memorias del Mariscal Andrés Smart. Cáceras. Lima: Editorial Milla Batres, 1986.

                                   Alfonso W.

Quiroz