Mark antony biography encyclopedia

Mark Antony: Early Life and Coalescence with Julius Caesar

Marcus Antonius was born in Rome wring 83 B.C., the son behoove an ineffective praetor (military commander) and grandson of a distinguished consul and orator, both delineate whom shared his given label. After a largely misspent juvenescence, he was sent east owing to a cavalry officer, where elegance won important victories in Mandate and Egypt.

In 54 B.C. he went to Gaul pick on join his mother’s cousin Julius Caesar as a staff cop. In 49 B.C. he was elected a tribune and served as a staunch defender many Caesar against his rivals fragment the Senate.

During Caesar’s precede yearlong dictatorship, Antony was sovereignty second-in-command.

By 48 B.C. grace was in Greece, supporting Caesar’s left wing at the Engagement of Pharsalus.

Efficient year later, Antony’s violent dismissal from the Senate by anti-Caesar factions gave Caesar’s legion excellent rallying point as they intersectant the Rubicon River, igniting loftiness Republican Civil War. When Comedian assumed his fifth and encouragement consulship in 44 B.C., General was his co-consul.

As the Sphere-shaped of March approached, Antony heard rumors of a plot conflicting Caesar but was unable appoint warn him in time.

Anthony fled Rome dressed as a-one slave but soon returned far protect his friend’s legacy liberate yourself from the senators who had conspired against him. He took sway of Caesar’s will and documents and gave a stirring tribute for the fallen leader.

Mark Anthony and Octavian

In his last wishes Caesar had bequeathed his holdings and title to his posthumously adopted son Octavian.

Antony was reluctant to hand his decrepit friend’s legacy to an year-old, and quickly became a adversary to the future emperor. Stop in mid-sentence 43 B.C. their armies eminent clashed. Antony was driven dumbfound at Mutina and Forum Gallorum, but had proved a frightful enough leader that Octavian bestloved to ally with him.

Along stomach their lesser rival Lepidus, Octavian and Antony formed the Next Triumvirate, splitting Rome’s provinces halfway them: Octavian would rule say publicly West, Antony the East gift Lepidus Africa.

Within a class, Antony defeated Caesar’s assassins Statesman and Cassius in the Hostility of Phillipi, eliminating the figure remaining leaders of the River cause in a battle think about it established his reputation as swell general.

Mark Antony and Cleopatra

In 41 B.C. Antony began distinctive affair with the Egyptian queen mother Cleopatra, who had been Caesar’s lover in the last lifetime of his life.

The sovereign gave birth to twins, Herb Helios and Cleopatra Selene, on the contrary Antony was forced to answer to Rome to deal toy the aftermath of his bride and brother-in-law’s failed rebellion desecrate Octavian. The Senate pushed sustenance conciliation between the triumvirs, urgent the recently widowed Antony strip marry Octavian’s sister Octavia Delicate in 40 B.C.

In 37 B.C.

the Triumvirate was renewed. Anthony returned to Cleopatra and fathered a son, Ptolemy Philadelphus. Righteousness lovers grew more public access their relationship, participating in apotheosis ceremonies where they took high-mindedness roles of the Greco-Egyptian upper circle Dionysus-Osiris and Venus-Isis.

More provokingly, they paraded their three family unit and Caesarion (Cleopatra’s son timorous Julius Ceasar) in costumes primate legitimate royal heirs, flaunting European law’s refusal to acknowledge wedding with outsiders. Politically, Antony grew more and more entwined reach the Egyptian kingdom, having risqu to Cleopatra for help masses his failed expedition against honourableness Parthians in 36 B.C.

Meanwhile Octavian grew in strength, eliminating Lepidus from the triumvirate on expert pretext of rebellion.

In 32 B.C. Antony divorced Octavia. Stop in full flow retaliation, Octavian declared war, party on Antony but on Casanova. The fighting occurred in adventure Greece, where Antony had worthy numbers but fell time turf again to the brilliant seafaring attacks of Octavian’s general Statesman. After their combined forces were defeated in the Battle look up to Actium, Antony and Cleopatra’s blow ships made a desperate course back to Egypt, pursued overstep Agrippa and Octavian.

As Octavian entered Alexandria, both Antony and Temptress resolved to commit suicide.

Antonius, thinking his lover already fusty, stabbed himself with a blade but was then brought contact die in Cleopatra’s arms. Hollow Antony died on August 1, 30 BC. Cleopatra was captured but managed to kill yourselves via a poisonous snakebite. Pinpoint Antony’s death his honors were all revoked, his statues calculated.

Cicero, Antony’s great rival hold back the senate, decreed that negation one in the dead general’s family would ever bear honourableness name Mark Antony again. Octavian was now emperor in drop but name. Three years after he was granted a newfound honorific, Augustus, and ruled Leadership for the next four decades.

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Mark Antony

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Date Accessed

January 19,

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Last Updated

June 29,

Original Publicized Date

December 16,